Easy and Green Route towards Nanostructured ZnO as an Active Sensing Material with Unexpected H2S Dosimeter-Type Behaviour
Stefano Diodati
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131- Padova and INSTM, UdR di Padova, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorJörg Hennemann
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Institut für Angewandte Physik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorFernando Fresno
Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorStefano Gialanella
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Trento, Via Sommarive 9, I, -38123 Trento, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorPaolo Dolcet
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131- Padova and INSTM, UdR di Padova, Italy
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 20, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorUrška Lavrenčič Štangar
Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bernd M. Smarsly
- [email protected]
- https://www.uni-giessen.de/faculties/f08/departments/physchem/ag-prof-dr-bernd-smarsly
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
E-mail: [email protected]
https://www.uni-giessen.de/faculties/f08/departments/physchem/ag-prof-dr-bernd-smarsly
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Silvia Gross
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131- Padova and INSTM, UdR di Padova, Italy
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
E-mail: [email protected]
https://www.uni-giessen.de/faculties/f08/departments/physchem/ag-prof-dr-bernd-smarsly
Search for more papers by this authorStefano Diodati
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131- Padova and INSTM, UdR di Padova, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorJörg Hennemann
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Institut für Angewandte Physik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorFernando Fresno
Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorStefano Gialanella
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Trento, Via Sommarive 9, I, -38123 Trento, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorPaolo Dolcet
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131- Padova and INSTM, UdR di Padova, Italy
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 20, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorUrška Lavrenčič Štangar
Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bernd M. Smarsly
- [email protected]
- https://www.uni-giessen.de/faculties/f08/departments/physchem/ag-prof-dr-bernd-smarsly
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
E-mail: [email protected]
https://www.uni-giessen.de/faculties/f08/departments/physchem/ag-prof-dr-bernd-smarsly
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Silvia Gross
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131- Padova and INSTM, UdR di Padova, Italy
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
E-mail: [email protected]
https://www.uni-giessen.de/faculties/f08/departments/physchem/ag-prof-dr-bernd-smarsly
Search for more papers by this authorGraphical Abstract
Nanostructured ZnO was synthesised through a quick, easy, low-temperature and green hydrothermal route, showing an interesting gas-sensing behaviour. At an operation temperature of 450 °C, the material exhibits a significant response to H2S gas exposure as expected for a semiconducting n-type gas sensor. However, at an operating temperature of 150 °C the material shows gas dosimeter-type behaviour.
Abstract
Nanostructured ZnO particles were prepared through a straightforward, quick and low-temperature synthesis route involving coprecipitation of the metal precursor salts with oxalic acid, followed by hydrothermal treatment at 135 or 160 °C. The synthesised nanostructured powders were thoroughly characterised by a wide array of analytical techniques from the morphological (Scanning Electron Microscopy -SEM-, Transmission Electron Microscopy -TEM-, Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy -EDXS-), structural (Powder X-ray Diffraction -PXRD-, Selected Area Electron Diffraction -SAED-), compositional (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy -XPS-) and physical (thermal stability) point of view. As far as functional applications are concerned, the powders were tested as gas sensor materials for H2S detection. Thereby these ZnO particles showed unexpected gas dosimeter behaviour at 150 °C. Based on these observations and on a comparison with literature a new model for the interaction of ZnO nanostructures with H2S is proposed.
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